H-1B Visa
The H-1B visa allows U.S. employers to temporarily hire foreign workers in specialty occupations, such as information technology, finance, healthcare, engineering, architecture, academia, etc. The employee must have at least a U.S. bachelor’s degree (or foreign equivalent) in a relevant field.
L-1 Visa
L-1 visas are for managers and executives transferring within multinational companies or for transferring employees with specialized knowledge. These visas may be a good option for multinational business owners expanding operations to the U.S.
O-1 Visa
O-1 visas are for individuals with extraordinary ability, such as professionals in sciences, education, business, athletics, arts, film or the television industry. These visas require a record of exceptional achievements and U.S. employment sponsorship from a business or agent.
TN Visa
TN visas are for Canadian and Mexican professionals seeking temporary work visas under the NAFTA/USMCA agreements. They allow work in certain designated professions, including engineering, science, and healthcare.
E-1/E-2 Visa
These visas are Treaty Traders and Investors visas, allowing nationals of treaty countries to live and work in the U.S. to organize substantial trade between the U.S. and their home country or to invest in a U.S. business and manage/direct its operations.
H-2B Visa
H-2B visas allow seasonal non-agricultural workers to live and work in the U.S. These visas are commonly sought by employers in industries with seasonal or peak-load needs, such as hospitality (hotels, resorts), construction, and amusement parks.
Permanent employment-based Green Cards allow recipients to live and work in the U.S. permanently. The five EB visa categories are aimed at different groups of individuals, as follows:
EB-1 Visa
These visas are for priority workers, i.e., those with extraordinary ability in sciences, arts, education, business or athletics, outstanding professors/researchers, and multinational executives. No labor certification is required and applicants can self-petition (no employment sponsorship is necessary).
EB-2 Visa
EB-2 visas are “second preference” permanent visas for professionals with advanced degrees or exceptional ability in their fields. The National Interest Waiver (NIW) option allows self-petition if the applicant’s work benefits the U.S. significantly. Otherwise, applications first require a job offer.
EB-3 Visa
EB-3 visas are for skilled workers, professionals, and other workers. Potential employees require a U.S. employer to sponsor the application, file the petition, and obtain PERM labor certification from the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) to prove that no qualified U.S. workers are available for the job and that hiring the employee won’t negatively impact U.S. wages or working conditions.
EB-4 Visa
These visas are for special immigrants, such as religious workers, certain international employees, broadcasters, and retirees of the U.S. Government Abroad. The EB-4 does not always require a job offer or labor certification, depending on the type of applicant.
EB-5 Visa
The EB-5 is a foreign investor visa, designed for individuals who invest in a U.S. business and create jobs for American workers. The visa offers a direct path to a green card for the investor, their spouse, and their unmarried children under 21.